分詞(現在分詞・過去分詞)

分詞の形容詞的用法

現在分詞 →「~している…」

⑴ 単独で修飾する場合は,名詞の前に置く。それぞれ日本語に直せ。

・ I saw a flying bird.

・ That singing girl is my sister.

⑵ 付属語を伴って修飾する場合は,名詞の後に置く。それぞれ日本語に直せ。

・ The man sitting on the bench is my grandfather.

・ Who is that man standing under the tree?

⑶ ⑵の例文の文法的構造

・ The man is my grandfather. + He is sitting on the bench.

・ Who is that man? + He is standing under the tree.

  • 現在分詞は「~している」の意味を持ち,動名詞は「~するための」の意味を持つ。

a sleeping cat 「眠っているネコ」  a swimming girl 「泳いでいる少女」→現在分詞

a sleeping car 「寝台車」  a swimming pool 「水泳プール」→動名詞

過去分詞 →「~された…」

⑴ 単独で修飾する場合は,名詞の前に置く。それぞれ日本語に直せ。

・ Three is a broken watch on the table.

・ I like fried chicken.

⑵ 付属語を伴って修飾する場合は,名詞の後に置く。それぞれ日本語に直せ。

・ She bought a car made in Japan.

・ The story written by Soseki is very interesting.

⑶ ⑵の例文の文法的構造

・ She bought a car. + It was made in Japan.

・ The story is very interesting. + It was written by Soseki.

【問い】次の各組の英文を1文に直せ。また日本語に直せ。

① I know the boy.  He is playing baseball over there.

② That girl is my sister. She is dancing on the stage,

③ That girl is Mary.  She is talking with Hanako.

④ English is the language.  It is spoken all over the world.

⑤ This doll is mine.  It was made by my mother.

コメント